3.什么是MultisigWallet
多签钱包是一种电子钱包,特点是交易需要被多个私钥持有者同意后才能进行。 多签钱包可以防止单点故障,更加的去中心化更加的安全。 在以太坊上,多签钱包就是智能合约,属于是合约钱包。
Example
From solidity-by-example 钱包的是Owner可以:
- 提交一个交易请求
 - 批准或者撤销待处理的交易
 - 在足够多的owners批准后,任何人都可以进行交易
 
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.24;
contract MultiSigWallet {
    event Deposit(address indexed sender, uint256 amount, uint256 balance);
    event SubmitTransaction(
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 indexed txIndex,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 value,
        bytes data
    );
    event ConfirmTransaction(address indexed owner, uint256 indexed txIndex);
    event RevokeConfirmation(address indexed owner, uint256 indexed txIndex);
    event ExecuteTransaction(address indexed owner, uint256 indexed txIndex);
    address[] public owners;
    mapping(address => bool) public isOwner;
    uint256 public numConfirmationsRequired;
    struct Transaction {
        address to;
        uint256 value;
        bytes data;
        bool executed;
        uint256 numConfirmations;
    }
    // mapping from tx index => owner => bool
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => bool)) public isConfirmed;
    Transaction[] public transactions;
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(isOwner[msg.sender], "not owner");
        _;
    }
    modifier txExists(uint256 _txIndex) {
        require(_txIndex < transactions.length, "tx does not exist");
        _;
    }
    modifier notExecuted(uint256 _txIndex) {
        require(!transactions[_txIndex].executed, "tx already executed");
        _;
    }
    modifier notConfirmed(uint256 _txIndex) {
        require(!isConfirmed[_txIndex][msg.sender], "tx already confirmed");
        _;
    }
    constructor(address[] memory _owners, uint256 _numConfirmationsRequired) {
        require(_owners.length > 0, "owners required");
        require(
            _numConfirmationsRequired > 0
                && _numConfirmationsRequired <= _owners.length,
            "invalid number of required confirmations"
        );
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _owners.length; i++) {
            address owner = _owners[i];
            require(owner != address(0), "invalid owner");
            require(!isOwner[owner], "owner not unique");
            isOwner[owner] = true;
            owners.push(owner);
        }
        numConfirmationsRequired = _numConfirmationsRequired;
    }
    receive() external payable {
        emit Deposit(msg.sender, msg.value, address(this).balance);
    }
    function submitTransaction(address _to, uint256 _value, bytes memory _data)
        public
        onlyOwner
    {
        uint256 txIndex = transactions.length;
        transactions.push(
            Transaction({
                to: _to,
                value: _value,
                data: _data,
                executed: false,
                numConfirmations: 0
            })
        );
        emit SubmitTransaction(msg.sender, txIndex, _to, _value, _data);
    }
    function confirmTransaction(uint256 _txIndex)
        public
        onlyOwner
        txExists(_txIndex)
        notExecuted(_txIndex)
        notConfirmed(_txIndex)
    {
        Transaction storage transaction = transactions[_txIndex];
        transaction.numConfirmations += 1;
        isConfirmed[_txIndex][msg.sender] = true;
        emit ConfirmTransaction(msg.sender, _txIndex);
    }
    function executeTransaction(uint256 _txIndex)
        public
        onlyOwner
        txExists(_txIndex)
        notExecuted(_txIndex)
    {
        Transaction storage transaction = transactions[_txIndex];
        require(
            transaction.numConfirmations >= numConfirmationsRequired,
            "cannot execute tx"
        );
        transaction.executed = true;
        (bool success,) =
            transaction.to.call{value: transaction.value}(transaction.data);
        require(success, "tx failed");
        emit ExecuteTransaction(msg.sender, _txIndex);
    }
    function revokeConfirmation(uint256 _txIndex)
        public
        onlyOwner
        txExists(_txIndex)
        notExecuted(_txIndex)
    {
        Transaction storage transaction = transactions[_txIndex];
        require(isConfirmed[_txIndex][msg.sender], "tx not confirmed");
        transaction.numConfirmations -= 1;
        isConfirmed[_txIndex][msg.sender] = false;
        emit RevokeConfirmation(msg.sender, _txIndex);
    }
    function getOwners() public view returns (address[] memory) {
        return owners;
    }
    function getTransactionCount() public view returns (uint256) {
        return transactions.length;
    }
    function getTransaction(uint256 _txIndex)
        public
        view
        returns (
            address to,
            uint256 value,
            bytes memory data,
            bool executed,
            uint256 numConfirmations
        )
    {
        Transaction storage transaction = transactions[_txIndex];
        return (
            transaction.to,
            transaction.value,
            transaction.data,
            transaction.executed,
            transaction.numConfirmations
        );
    }
}